At the Japan International Aerospace Exhibition 2024, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) showcased two groundbreaking concepts for artificial intelligence-enabled Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA). These innovative designs reflect a significant leap in Japan's defense technology, particularly as regional tensions rise with neighboring China.
The first model presented is a tactical combat support drone, designed to perform full combat missions—from take-off and target engagement to returning safely back home. This 1:10-scale mockup offers an affordable solution for various offensive operations on land.
In contrast, the second concept, known as the ARMDC-20X (Affordable Rapid Prototype Missile Drone Concept), stretches approximately six meters long and focuses on intelligence gathering. Equipped with advanced surveillance capabilities, this drone can detect threats and relay critical information back to crewed aircraft using sophisticated AI data-processing systems.
Both drones emphasize stealth features and modular design—allowing easy upgrades over time—and are built with cost-effectiveness in mind; they are intended to be expendable in high-stakes situations where loss may occur during combat.
A highlight of MHI’s presentation was a captivating video simulation demonstrating how these CCAs could operate alongside manned fighter jets. In one scenario, the CCA successfully identifies an incoming threat resembling China's Chengdu J-20 stealth fighter jet. It communicates vital data through a secure link to enhance pilot situational awareness before launching an air-to-air missile from its internal payload bay—a clear testament to the potential of manned-unmanned teaming in modern warfare.
This 'loyal wingman' approach is gaining traction globally as militaries seek cost-effective strategies that bolster mission success rates while ensuring pilot safety remains paramount. As part of Japan's broader ambitions under the Global Combat Air Program (GCAP)—a collaborative effort involving Italy and Britain aimed at developing next-generation fighter technologies—these drones will play crucial roles even if not officially integrated into GCAP frameworks yet.
By 2035, when GCAP’s first fighters are expected to enter service, MHI envisions having fully operational suites of these CCAs ready for deployment within Japan’s defense arsenal. The urgency behind such advancements stems from escalating security concerns surrounding China’s military developments; hence investing heavily in unmanned aerial systems like ARMDC-20X becomes imperative for maintaining stability across the Indo-Pacific region.